For if God’s causal activity is necessary, then God’s causing this universe is necessary, and hence this universe is a necessary being, which is absurd, besides being contrary to the assumptions of typical cosmological arguments. But this objection commits a de re/de dicto fallacy. Consider the argument written out:
- C1 is God’s causal activity and is a necessary being. (Premise)
- C1 is God’s causing E. (Premise)
- Therefore, God’s causing E is a necessary being.
- Therefore, God necessarily causes E.
- The F is a necessary being
- Therefore, necessarily, F exists.
The fallacy is in the last steps 5 and 6.
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